临南地区石油运移方向与成藏期次研究   总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11  

陈庆春  林玉祥  唐洪三 《沉积学报》2001,19(4):611-616

根据原油及油砂抽提物中含氮化合物分析、原油生物标志成熟度参数及储层流体包裹体烃类成分分析,研究了临南地区石油运移的方向、距离、成藏期次。结果表明临南油田仅有一期油气运聚成藏过程,属中新世末形成的成熟原油,4 甲基甾烷含量较高。曲堤油田存在两期油气运聚成藏过程,早期原油成熟度低,4 甲基甾烷含量低,运移距离较远,成藏后大部分散失 ;晚期充注的原油成熟度较高,4 甲基甾烷含量也较高,并保存至今。  相似文献   

Palynostratigraphy and palynofacies indications of depositional environments and source potential for hydrocarbons: the mid Cretaceous Nahr Umr and lower Mauddud formations, Iraq   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

T. K. Al-Ameri  T. K. Al-Najar  D. J. Batten 《Cretaceous Research》2001,22(6):735

Palynomorphs recovered from core and cuttings samples from five boreholes in the East Baghdad Oilfield indicate a mid Albian–early Cenomanian age-range for the Nahr Umr Formation and the lower part of the overlying Mauddud Formation. Two palynomorph zones and four types of palynofacies have been identified. The latter are interpreted to indicate delta-top swamp and marsh, silty–muddy deltaic, inner silty and carbonate-rich platform, and limestone-platform environments. The palynofacies of the two types of platform accumulations suggest that these are potential sources of biogenic methane and condensates, and may yield more liquid hydrocarbons in areas where the formations are at greater depths than within the region studied.  相似文献   

Natural and anthropogenic C2 to C6 hydrocarbons in the central-eastern Venezuelan atmosphere during the rainy season     

Loreto Donoso  Rodrigo Romero  Alberto Rondón  Emmanuel Fernandez  Pedro Oyola  Eugenio Sanhueza 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1996,25(2):201-214

The levels of low molecular weight hydrocarbons were measured at pristine sites and rural locations affected by hydrocarbon emissions from oil and gas producing fields in Venezuela. At the clean sites, lower concentrations of C₂ to C₆ alkanes were observed, whereas, in comparison with remotes sites, very much higher levels were measured at the polluted sites. Alkenes present relatively high concentrations, with isoprene being the most abundant, all over the study region. The main sources of alkenes are likely to be natural, mainly from vegetation. The levels of alkanes recorded at the clean sites and the alkene levels found everywhere in the region are in agreement with the values reported for other clean sites in the tropics. The increase of ozone production capacity due to the anthropogenic emissions of alkanes from oil and gas fields was estimated. Due to the presence in the atmosphere of important amounts of naturally emitted isoprene, ethene and propene, which makes a substantial contribution to the reactivity of the hydrocarbon mixture, a small increase (<5%) was estimated to occur in the capacity of the ozone production at a regional scale during the rainy season.  相似文献   

Boundary-layer ozone depletion as seen in the Norwegian Arctic in spring     

Sverre Solberg  Norbert Schmidbauer  Arne Semb  Frode Stordal  Øystein Hov 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1996,23(3):301-332

Several years of measurements of ozone, hydrocarbons, sulphate and meteorological parameters from Spitsbergen in the Norwegian Arctic are presented. Most of the measurements were taken on the Zeppelin Mountain at an altitude of 474 m a.s.l. The focus is the episodes of ozone depletion in the lower troposphere in spring, which are studied in a climatological way. Episodes of very low ozone concentrations are a common feature on the Zeppelin Mountain in spring. The low ozone episodes were observed from late March to the beginning of June. When the effect of transport direction was subtracted, the frequenty of the low ozone episodes was found to peak in the beginning of May, possibly reflecting the seasonal cycle in the actual depletion process. Analyses based on trajectory calculations show that most of the episodes occurred when the air masses were transported from W-N. Ozone soundings show that the ozone depletion may extend from the surface and up to 3–4 km altitude. The episodes were associated with a cold boundary layer beneath a thermally stable layer, suppressing mixing with the free troposphere. The concentration of several individual hydrocarbons was much lower during episodes of low ozone than for the average conditions. The change in concentration ratio between the hydrocarbons was in qualitative agreement with oxidation of hydrocarbons by Br and Cl atoms rather than by OH radicals.  相似文献   

Atmospheric concentrations of nonmethane hydrocarbons at a North European coastal site     

Øystein Hov  Norbert Schmidbauer 《Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry》1992,14(1-4):515-526

Two years of individual nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC) measurements at a rural site close to the south coast of Norway show that there was a distinct annual cycle with a late winter maximum and late summer minimum in the slowly reacting NMHCs acetylene, ethane, propane and i- and n-butane. The average January—March concentrations were a factor 2–4 higher than the July-September concentrations. Also ethene, propene and the pentanes show a similar annual cycle, but the individual scatter in the measurements in particular of propene, is large. The highest concentrations of NMHC were found in winter for easterly transport on a regional scale (out to 1500 km from the site), and for southeasterly transport in the summer.  相似文献   

EROD activity, serum SDH and PAH biliary metabolites in sand flathead (Platycephalus bassensis) collected in Port Phillip Bay, Australia     

Gagnon MM  Holdway DA 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(3):230-237

In order to evaluate the health status of fish inhabiting Port Phillip Bay, Australia, southern sand flathead (Platycephalus hassensis, N = 133) were collected at six stations throughout the Bay. Fish had a similar serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) activity level (p = 0.12), indicating that they were not experiencing hepatocellular injuries. Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity was generally lower in the non-urbanized and non-industrialized southern part of the Bay. The highest EROD activity was observed in Hobson Bay, the closest station from Melbourne city. Naphthalene-type biliary metabolites were also highest in Hobson Bay with intermediate levels found in Corio Bay where refineries are present. An opposite trend was observed with the pyrene-type bile metabolites, the highest levels being observed in Corio Bay while intermediate levels were found in Hobson Bay. The ratio of naphthalene-type to benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-type metabolites indicate that relatively to other sites sampled in Port Phillip Bay, Corio Bay is subjected to enriched petroleum hydrocarbons of pyrolytic origin. Temporal trends indicate that the availability of xenobiotics to fish remained unchanged over the 1990s.  相似文献   

Biofouling confounds the uptake of trace organic contaminants by semi-permeable membrane devices (SPMDs)     

Richardson BJ  Lam PK  Zheng GJ  McClellan KE  De Luca-Abbott SB 《Marine pollution bulletin》2002,44(12):1372-1379

The outer layers of layflat, low density polyethylene plastic tubing (the principal component of semi-permeable membrane devices, SPMDs) were biofouled at a clean site in Hong Kong coastal waters for periods of 1–4 weeks. Following pre-fouling, triolein was added to the SPMDs and, along with control (unfouled) devices, they were exposed to a range of organochlorine pesticides (-HCH, aldrin, p,p^′-DDT) and PAHs (anthracene, fluoranthene and benzo(a)pyrene) under laboratory conditions. Results showed that the uptake of contaminants by SPMDs was severely reduced by as much as 50% under fouling conditions in comparison to unfouled controls. The ultimate utility of SPMDs as passive monitors is thus reduced, although alternative measures, such as the use of permeability reference compounds may compensate, and allow for realistic evaluations of dissolved environmental concentrations in aquatic environments. However, due to the complexities involved in such procedures––especially as they need to be conducted on a case-by-case basis––the utility of SPMDs appears to be limited for estimates of bioavailability unless necessary calibrations are undertaken within each environment that the sampler is used.  相似文献   

石油中饱合烃类的喇曼特征   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张鼐  宋孚庆  王汇彤 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2006,25(1):33-36

本文试通过一些饱合烃类标样的喇曼分析,总结出石油中饱和烷烃组分的最大喇曼特征是在2700~2970 cm-1区域有一系列强烈的喇曼效应,有三种情况:1)直链烷烃类是以—CH3链基对称喇曼效应(约2872 cm-1)最强;2)带异构骨架链烷烃类是以—CH链基喇曼效应(约2911 cm-1)最强;3)环烷烃类是以—CH2链基对称喇曼效应(约2857 cm-1)最强。另外异构骨架在748 cm-1处有一强的喇曼效应,烷烃环基在804 cm-1处有一个强的喇曼效应。并发现不同的烃或烃混合物,若结构基团相同,喇曼谱图也相同;在混合烃组分(或烃类包裹体)的喇曼谱图中2905~2921 cm-1间喇曼峰应是—CH基团,而不能单作甲烷存在的证据。  相似文献   

动载作用下饱和土壤液化的研究述评   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

李立云  杜修力 《世界地震工程》2006,22(2):39-49

从土壤液化的机理、影响因素、液化的判别、液化的分析方法以及液化后土壤的性质等方面详述了动载(地震荷载和爆炸荷载)作用下的饱和土壤液化的国内外研究成果(主要是近十年的研究),并对其作出了述评。最后,对今后土壤液化的研究工作作出了展望,认为以下问题需要开展深入研究:⑴液化分析中的土骨架的动力本构模型;⑵Rayle igh波对地震液化的影响;⑶建构物的存在对液化的影响;⑷液化后土的性质和液化引起的建构物破坏;⑸尤其爆炸液化问题。  相似文献   

Distribution and Geochemical Implication of Aromatic Hydrocarbons across the Meishan Permian-Triassic Boundary   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

黄咸雨 焦丹鲁力强  黄俊华谢树成 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2006,17(1):49-54

INTRODUCTIONThe Permian-Triassic ( Tr/P) boundary , datedto be (251 .4±0 .3) Ma ago ,is marked by the mostdrastic mass extinction of organisms in the Phanero-zoic .In order to explore the pattern and the cause ofthe mass extinction,extensive research has been fo-cused on biostratigraphy , isotopic chronostratigra-phy , event stratigraphy , ecostratigraphy and se-quence stratigraphy (Payne et al .,2004 ; Reichowetal .,2002 ; Yin et al .,2001 ;Jin et al .,2000 ;Zhanget al .,1996 ,1995 ;…  相似文献